Water Cycle (Siklus Air)
Hydrologic cycle is often also mentioned as the water cycle.
A water circulation which includes the movement from the ocean into the
atmosphere, from the atmosphere to the ground, and back to sea again
with a different meaning or hydrologic cycle is a series of earth
surface water migration process from one place to another to return to
their places of origin.
The water rose into the air from the sea
or from land via evaporation. Water in the atmosphere in the form of
water vapor or clouds moving in large masses on the continent and the
soil is heated by radiation. The heat makes more water vapor to rise
again so it’s pretty high / cold condensation to occur. Water vapor
turns into dew and so on so rain or snow. Outpouring (precipitation)
fell down, onto land or directly into the sea. The water reached the
mainland and then flows over the surface of the river, continue to
return to the sea. The water reached the mainland and then flows over
the surface of the river, kept returning to the sea water completes the
cycle.
On his way out
of the atmosphere, water undergoes a lot of interruptions. Some of the
rainwater that falls from the clouds to evaporate before reaching the
earth’s surface, some fell on the leaves of plants (intercception) and
evaporates from the surface of the leaves. The water that arrives in the
land can continue to flow into the sea, but there is also the first
seeped into the soil (infiltration) and up to the rock layers as the
ground water.
Some of the ground water is inhaled by
plants through the leaves and then evaporating the water into the air
(transpiration). Water flowing over the surface of the river probably
stuck in the pond, ditch, etc. (surface detention), there is also
temporarily stored in lakes, but then evaporate or otherwise, some water
flows above ground through the ditches, streams, up to to the sea
(surface run-off), some infiltration into the bottom of the lake-lake
and join in the soil as groundwater that eventually outward as springs.
Hydrological cycle divided into three types:
1. Short Cycle: The sea water evaporates
and then through a condensation process turned into beads of smooth
water or rain clouds and then fell into the sea and will return
repeatedly.
Short Cycle of Water
2. Medium Cycle: Sea water evaporates and
is carried by winds toward the mainland and through the process of
condensation turns into clouds and falls as rain on land and then seep
into the ground and then returned to the sea via rivers or waterways.
Medium Cycle
3. Long Cycle: Sea water is evaporated,
after the cloud through a process of condensation, and then carried by
winds into the higher ground inland and there was snow or ice in the
high mountains. Blocks of ice settles at the top of the mountain and due
to gravity sliding into a lower place, melting glaciers formed and
flows through rivers back into the sea.
Long Cycle
The main elements in the hydrological cycle:
* Evaporation: the evaporation of water bodies directly
* Transpiration: the evaporation of water contained in plant
* Respiratory: evaporation of water from the body of animals and humans
* Evapotranspiration: combination of evaporation and transpiration
* Condensation: the process of changing the form of water vapor into water droplets as a result of cooling
* Precipitation: any flow or rain from the atmosphere to the Earth which includes water rain, sleet, snow
* Infiltration: water falling to the ground and seep into the soil
* Percolation: water continues to seep into the water until it reaches a certain depth of soil or groundwater
* Run off: water that flows above ground through a ditch, river, up towards the sea
